Agents, the patterns

AI agent examples for a one-person business

Almost every agent worth building in a small business is one of six patterns. Once you can recognise them, new ideas stop being new — you are just picking the pattern and swapping the inputs. Here is each one: the job, the tools it needs, its done-condition, and where it goes wrong.

By Brooks11 min read

1. Research and summarize

Turns an open question into a decision brief: options, prices, trade-offs, sources, recommendation. The highest-value pattern for a solo operator because it replaces the two hours of tab-opening you keep postponing.

Tools: web search. Done when every option has a price field, a trade-off and a source link. Fails by inventing figures — require a link per row and the problem disappears.

2. Inbox and message triage

Reads incoming messages, classifies them, and drafts the reply for the ones with an obvious answer. It never sends. Sending is the one permission I do not hand over.

Tools: mailbox read access, a drafts folder. Done when every message has a label and either a draft or a reason it needs you. Fails by being too eager — give it an explicit 'escalate to human' category and reward using it.

3. Content production line

Takes a rough idea or a voice note and moves it through outline, draft, edit and format. Not one prompt — a chain where each step has its own standard, which is why the output does not read like everything else on the internet.

Tools: your notes or transcript source, a destination doc. Done when the piece has a title, a stated reader, sections, and no placeholder text. Fails by drifting out of your voice — pin a voice sample into the instructions.

4. Data extraction to a sheet

Reads a pile of documents that are all laid out differently — invoices, quotes, statements, PDFs — and produces one clean row per document. This is the pattern that most obviously beats doing it yourself.

Tools: file access, spreadsheet write. Done when the row count equals the document count and every required column is non-empty or explicitly marked unreadable. Fails silently by skipping documents — always compare the counts.

5. Customer follow-up

Watches for the follow-ups that quietly never happen — an unanswered quote, a customer who bought once and vanished, a question left hanging — and prepares the specific message for each.

Tools: your customer records, a drafts destination. Done when every flagged contact has a drafted, personal message with a named reason. Fails by generating generic nudges; require it to quote something specific from the record.

6. The operator agent

The multi-step one: it holds a goal, calls several tools in an order it chooses, checks its own work, and reports back. This is where tool calling, loops and structured output actually matter, and where an unbounded agent can run up a bill.

Tools: several, deliberately chosen. Done when a checkable structured result comes back, not prose. Fails by looping — cap the steps, log every call, and make it produce a structured object so failure is detectable rather than merely disappointing.

How to choose which one to build first

Pick the job you avoid most, not the one that sounds most impressive. The best first agent is boring, read-only, and something you already do by hand — because you can check its work immediately.

  • You already do it manually — you can grade the output.
  • It is read-only — a mistake costs nothing.
  • It happens weekly at least — otherwise you will forget it exists.
  • The done-condition is obvious — if you cannot write one, pick another job.

Questions I get asked

What is the best first AI agent for a small business?
Research and summarize. It is read-only, you can grade the output against work you have done yourself, and it saves the kind of time you already resent losing.
Should an AI agent send emails on my behalf?
Not in my setup. Everything that sends, spends or deletes drafts first and waits for me. Read, gather and draft are safe to automate; irreversible actions are not.
How many agents does a one-person business need?
Two or three that you actually run beats ten you built once. Each agent needs maintenance when its inputs change.
Do these patterns need code?
Patterns 1 to 5 can be built no-code. Pattern 6 is where code usually wins, because you want step caps, logging and structured output you can check.

Where to go next

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